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Learn how to cite a source with no author in APA, MLA, and Chicago: move the title to the author position, shorten it in-text, and handle group authors.

Learn how to cite a secondary source you only read about in another work, with APA "as cited in," MLA "qtd. in," and Chicago "quoted in" examples.

Learn how to cite a source with no date in APA, MLA, and Chicago, including n.d., optional access dates, in-text rules, and where to look for a hidden date.

Learn how to cite social media in APA, MLA, and Chicago. Worked examples for Instagram, TikTok, and Facebook posts with handles, descriptors, dates, and URLs.

Learn how MLA in text citation works in MLA 9: (Author page) with no comma or year. Covers et al., no author, no page numbers, qtd. in, and block quotes.

Learn how to cite a blog post in APA, MLA, and Chicago. Get author, date, title case rules, blog name, URL, and in-text formats with clear worked examples.

Learn how to cite an encyclopedia or dictionary entry in APA, MLA, and Chicago, with print and online examples, named and unnamed authors, and retrieval dates.

Learn how to cite a conference paper or presentation in APA, MLA, and Chicago. Worked examples for published proceedings, posters, talks, and in-text forms.

Learn how to cite a dissertation or thesis in APA, MLA, and Chicago. Published vs. unpublished rules, worked reference examples, and in-text forms explained.

Learn how to cite a documentary in APA, MLA, and Chicago with director, year, title, [Film] label, and streaming platform, plus real worked examples and tips.